Structural model - One compartment first order elimination with zero order production of hormone
Route of administration - Subcutaneous
Dosage Regimen - 40 mcg/kg
Number of Subjects - 1
With subcutaneous dose information, we learn to discriminate between the clearance and the rate of synthesis. Further simplification of the model is done by assuming bioavailability is 100% and concentration of the endogenous compound equals concentration at baseline (turnover/clearance)
In this tutorial, you will learn how to build a one compartment PK turnover model, following first order elimination kinetics and zero order hormone production.
Call the "necessary" libraries to get started
using Random using Pumas using PumasUtilities using CairoMakie
In this two compartment model, we administer dose subcutaneously.
pk_30 = @model begin @metadata begin desc = "Two Compartment Model" timeu = u"hr" end @param begin "Absorption rate constant (hr⁻¹)" tvka ∈ RealDomain(lower=0) "Clearance (L/kg/hr)" tvcl ∈ RealDomain(lower=0) "Turnover Rate (hr⁻¹)" tvsynthesis ∈ RealDomain(lower=0) "Volume of Central Compartment (L/kg)" tvv ∈ RealDomain(lower=0) Ω ∈ PDiagDomain(4) "Additive RUV" σ_add ∈ RealDomain(lower=0) end @random begin η ~ MvNormal(Ω) end @pre begin Ka = tvka * exp(η[1]) Cl = tvcl * exp(η[2]) Synthesis = tvsynthesis * exp(η[3]) V = tvv * exp(η[4]) end @init begin Central = Synthesis/(Cl/V) # Concentration at Baseline = Turnover Rate (0.78) / Cl of hormone (0.028) end @dynamics begin Depot' = -Ka * Depot Central' = Ka * Depot + Synthesis - (Cl/V) * Central end @derived begin cp = @. Central/V """ Observed Concentration (mcg/L) """ dv ~ @. Normal(cp, σ_add) end end
PumasModel Parameters: tvka, tvcl, tvsynthesis, tvv, Ω, σ_add Random effects: η Covariates: Dynamical variables: Depot, Central Derived: cp, dv Observed: cp, dv
The parameters are as given below. tv represents the typical value for parameters.
$Ka$ - Absorption rate constant (hr⁻¹)
$Cl$ - Clearance (L/kg/hr)
$Synthesis$ - Turnover Rate (hr⁻¹)
$V$ - Volume of Central Compartment (L/kg)
$Ω$ - Between Subject Variability
$σ$ - Residual error
param = ( tvka = 0.539328, tvcl = 0.0279888, tvsynthesis = 0.781398, tvv = 0.10244, Ω = Diagonal([0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0]), σ_add = 3.97427)
(tvka = 0.539328, tvcl = 0.0279888, tvsynthesis = 0.781398, tvv = 0.10244, Ω = [0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0; 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0; 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0; 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0], σ _add = 3.97427)
A dose of 40 mcg/kg is given subcutaneously to a Single subject.
ev1 = DosageRegimen(40,time = 0, cmt = 1) sub1 = Subject(id = 1, events = ev1)
Subject ID: 1 Events: 1
To simulate plasma concentration with turnover rate after oral administration.
Random.seed!(1234) sim_sub1 = simobs(pk_30, sub1, param, obstimes = 0:0.1:72)
f, a, p = sim_plot(pk_30, [sim_sub1], observations = :cp, color = :redsblues, linewidth = 4, axis = (xlabel = "Time (hrs)", ylabel = "PK30 Concentrations (μg/L)", xticks = 0:10:80, yscale = log10)) axislegend(a) f